It is universally accepted that a good quality raw milk supply is essential for the production of different, high quality dairy products. Manuals of food quality control food and agriculture organization. Improve the quality of your milk and please your customers 4wash hands with soapwhat is milk quality control. Bc has some of the highest standards for milk production, transport and processing found anywhere in the world.
Microbiological quality of pasteurized milk is resultant of various factors including quality of raw milk, heattreatment employed, storage conditions and extent of postpasteurization contamination. Milk testing and quality control should be carried out at all stages of the dairy chain. Agricultural industry foodcookingnutrition health, general microbial aggregation comparative analysis milk. Raw milk quality tests the following list is a summary of the most important raw milk quality tests. The hygienic quality of milk is of crucial importance in producing milk and milk products that are safe and suitable for their intended uses. Many milk quality tests are designed to measure contamination based on the ph. Milk quality is number 1 quality milk depends on everyone. Microbiological quality and safety of raw and pasteurized milk marketed in and around nairobi region. Milk is an emulsion or colloid of butterfat globules within a waterbased fluid that contains dissolved carbohydrates. None of the tests commonly used for raw milk screening have the ability to predict the bacterial or sensory quality of pasteurized milk processing plant factors, such as postpasteurization contamination and processing parameters e. Microbial quality and associated health risks of raw milk. Milk is considered a tcs time and temperature control for safety food whose safety and quality is dependent on controlling time and temperature. This is because dairy products are very susceptible to bacterial contamination.
Milk quality control is the use of approved tests to ensure the application of approved. Raw milk quality measurements most often considered in regard to potential effect on processed product quality are the scc and total bacterial counts e. Milk production methodology and quality measures october 20 3 usda, national agricultural statistics service uses a global weight adjustment across all complete and estimated complete usable reports. Review on milk and milk product safety, quality assurance and. Microbiological quality and safety of raw and pasteurized.
Extensive quality checks and testing unique to the dairy industry ensure that bc consumers can always purchase high quality, safe and nutritious dairy products. Milk being made up of 87% water is prone to adulteration by unscrupulous middlemen and unfaithful farm workers. Preparation of sample of milk samples are received after few days of drawl and contain preservative 0. The quality of raw milk is the primary factor determining the quality of milk products. Good quality milk products can be produced only from good quality raw milk. Quality system program manual revision 21 dated 5119 see section 20 for procedure number and title page 2 of 41 section i policy and authority statement it is the policy of laboratory testing, incorporated lti, as a material organization, to furnish and. The society of dairy technology sdt has joined with wileyblackwell to produce a series of technical dairyrelated handbooks providing an invaluable resource for all those involved in the dairy industry. Temperature control for safety food whose safety and quality is dependent on controlling. The importance of quality milk bc dairy association. Procedures for some milk quality tests are described in process and quality control. Milk quality control university of california, davis. Evaluation of physicochemical properties and microbiological.
Milk testing and quality control is an essential component of any milk processing industry whether small, medium or large scale. Government of punjab established a quality control laboratory wtoqcl during. Improving milk safety at farmlevel in an intensive dairy. Aflatoxin b1 and m1 contamination of animal feeds and milk. The milk samples are being tested for the fat and snf content and presence of 14 most common adulterants under a common sop. Improve the quality of your milk and please your customers pdf. The term quality in relation to raw milk includes the following characteristics. Report by african journal of food, agriculture, nutrition and development. Control point haccp system and systematic microbiological quality control throughout the supply chain have been developed to reduce the risk associated with the production of raw milk cheese. Milk testing and quality control is an essential component of any milk processing industry. Reaffirmed 2003 methods of test for dairy industry rapid examination of. Eighty six percent 353412 of the feed samples from farmers were positive for aflatoxin b1 and 67% 235353 of these exceeded the fao who level of 5 gkg1.
Food inspection fao food and nutrition paper, food and agriculture organization, issn 02544725 volumes 1415 of fao food and nutrition paper. Manual of food quality control, 148, page 8 is 1479 part i 1961. Food and agriculture organization volume 2 of fao technical papers. Milk and milk products encyclopedia of life support systems. Isotc 34sc 5 can access the documents of the committees below. This technical bulletin is intended to serve as an extension aid for facilitators and livestock producers to improve the quality of milk and milk products. Apr 09, 2018 quality tests for milk need a concerted effort to ensure that the whole dairy value chain is involved. Procedures for some milk quality tests are described in process and quality control procedures. To enable participants to practice the quality control and hygienic tests under. Aoac international, association of analytical communities. Milk testing and quality control food and agriculture organization. Second addendum concerning the essential requirements of infant formulae and followup milks based on cows milk proteins and the minimal requirements for soyabased infant formulae and followup milks opinion expressed on 9 december infant formula quality control 271 1991.
To produce high quality milk and dairy products, haccp hazard analysis critical control point is recommended for the management of commercial dairy farms and milk processing plants. A national milk quality survey is being carried out across india covering all the states and union territories in the country for assessing the quality of milk available to the consumers with focus on unsafeadulterated milk. Amongst various methods, pasteurization is the widely adopted technology to render milk safe for human consumption. The book is not intended to be a detailed laboratory manual. Overview section 12 milk analysis version april, 2020 milk analysis page 4 of 14 1 field of application these guidelines concern methods for fat. Milk and dairy products food and agriculture organization. Milk quality control and assurance is extremely important for the dairy industry. Milk quality control is the use of various tests to ensure that milk and milk products are safe, healthy, and. At higher levels, somatic cells and bacteria are associated with increased activity of enzymes that damage milk components and potentially result in product defects. Milk testing and quality control food and agriculture. Jooste arcanimal nutrition and animal products institute, irene, south africa 14. A total of 830 animal feed and 6 milk samples from four urban centers were analyzed for aflatoxin b1 and m1 respectively using competitive enzyme immunoassay. Food safety and its importance safety is defined as the state of being safe from undertaking or causing hurt, injury or loss. Moreover, its high nutritive value makes it an ideal medium for the rapid.
This uncertainty can cause suffering for both milk manufacturers and consumers. Quality of raw milk the first step in the quality control system of milk is the quality evaluation of raw, untreated milk. Indirect contamination may arise from i a cows own faecal matter contaminating the udder and teats, ii faecal matter of other cows. The quality has always been a requirement of safety in the modern economy in algeria. Milk spoilage is an indefinite term and difficult to measure with accuracy. Ibnkhaldoun university of tiaret, 14000, algeria abstract.
In rural areas in afghanistan and pakistan there has been little or no effort to promote available, simple technologies for milk quality. Milk processing and quality management society of dairy. Overview section 12 milk analysis version april, 2020 milk analysis page 4 of 14 1 field of application these guidelines concern methods for fat, protein, lactose, urea and somatic cell count. Milk quality control tests are used to ensure that the milk and milk products meet the. To ascertain the quality of the raw material and monitor the quality throughout the value chain, the following tests will be very instrumental. Take two test tubes and l abel one as test and other as control transfer one ml milk sample to each of the tubes. Pdf milk is a considerable resource of products whose composition varies. Buffalo milk, cow milk, goat milk, sheep milk, mixed milk, standardised milk, full cream milk, recombined milk, toned milk, double toned milk, and skimmed milk as laid down under fssai rules. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal government site. Milk testing and payment systems resource book food and.
Milk milk is a white liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals. Therefore, controlling or limiting microbial growth in milk is key to ensuring quality and safety. A paper presented at the fao email conference on smallscale milk collection and processing in developing countries. Fda bacteriological analytical manual bam, guidance document on analytical quality control and validation procedures for pesticide residues analysis in food and feed sanco1257120, and oecd guidance document on pesticide residue analytical methods. This training manual has been designed for training smallscale milk traders in. Quality system program manual laboratory testing inc. Organizations in liaison category a and b aoac international. Consumers who have been misled by ambiguous expiration dates on milk cartons waste resources by disposing of unspoiled milk or experience discomfort from drinking spoiled milk. Milk testing and quality control is an essential component of any milk. Quality assurance in milk and milk products ashish kumar ashish. Pdf on may 15, 2009, abebe tessema and others published milk. The fifth volume in the series, milk processing and quality management, provides.
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